《十诫》语出《圣经》，《圣经·出埃及记》载，十诫是耶和华所授，并命摩西颁布施行。内容是：不许拜别神；不许制造和敬拜偶像；不许妄称耶和华名；须守安息日为圣日；须孝父母；不许杀人；不许奸淫；不许偷盗；不许作假见证；不许贪恋他人财物。

——故事——

犹太民族“因为不屈服于奴役，所以他们选择了流浪”，摩西带领他的族人在西奈山下祈祷，请求耶和华为他人族人指一条道路。一只看不见的手──上帝之手在西奈山的峭壁上刻出十条戒律。《摩西十诫》被称为人类历史上第二部成文法律，体现了平等的“人神契约”精神：谁要毁约，谁就会受到上帝的惩罚。同时，人民也有“神不佑我，我即弃之”的权利。

第一条：
　　“我是耶和华－你的上帝，曾将你从埃及地为奴之家领出来，除了我之外，你不可有别的神。”
　　第二条：
　　“不可为自己雕刻偶像，也不可做什么形象仿佛上天、下地，和地底下、水中的百物。不可跪拜那些像，也不可事奉它，因为我耶和华－你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追讨他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；爱我、守我戒命的，我必向他们发慈爱，直到千代。”
　　第三条：
　　“不可妄称耶和华－你上帝的名；因为妄称耶和华名的，耶和华必不以他为无罪。”　
　　第四条：
　　“当记念安息日，守为圣日。六日要劳碌做你的工，但第七日是向耶和华－你上帝当守的安息日。这一日你和你的儿女、仆婢、牲畜，并你城里寄居的客旅，无论何工都不可做；因为六日之内，耶和华造天、地、海，和其中的万物，第七日便安息，所以耶和华赐福与安息日，定为圣日。”
　　第五条：
　　“当孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和华－你上帝所赐你的土地上得以长久。”
　　第六条：
　　“不可杀人。”
　　第七条：
　　“不可奸淫。”
　　第八条：
　　“不可偷盗。”
　　第九条：
　　“不可做假见证陷害人。”
　　第十条：
　　“不可贪恋人的房屋；也不可贪恋人的妻子、仆婢、牛驴，并他一切所有的。”

　　英文：
　　The Ten Commandments

　　First
　　"I am The Lord your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. You shall have no other gods before Me."

　　Second
　　"You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I The Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate Me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love Me and keep My Commandments."

　　Third
　　"You shall not take The Name of The Lord your God in vain; for The Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes His Name in vain."

　　Fourth
　　"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work; but the seventh day is a Sabbath to The Lord your God; in it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your manservant, or your maidservant, or your cattle, or the sojourner who is within your gates; for in six days The Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore The Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it."

　　Fifth
　　"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which The Lord your God gives you."

　　Sixth
　　"You shall not kill."

　　Seventh
　　"You shall not commit adultery."

　　Eighth
　　"You shall not steal."

　　Ninth
　　"You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor."

　　Tenth
　　"You shall not covet your neighbor s house; you shall not covet your neighbor s wife, or his manservant, or his maidservant, or his ox, or his ass, or anything that is your neighbor s."